This is my summary of the inventions I learned about in lessons seventy-one through seventy-four. In lesson seventy-one, I studied the invention of condensed milk. Gail Borden, the inventor of condensed milk, was a surveyor. He moved every few years with his brother. Once they moved to Texas, Borden and his brother founded a newspaper.

Borden was also an inventor, and invented dried meat that he called meat biscuits. He went to england to demonstrate his new invention and sell it there. Soon after, Borden’s mother and wife both died of yellow fever, and he decided to try his hand at inventing a cure. He became even more determined when children died of the disease on the boat he took back from London. Borden realized the milk they’d been drinking came from contaminated cows, so he put his knowledge from drying meat to use and invented condensed milk. To make condensed milk, you heat milk and sugar together. This kills the bacteria, evaporates the water, and preserves it.

In lesson seventy-two, I learned about the invention of the sleeping car. George Pullman worked on the Erie Canal, then moved to Chicago. He got the idea to invent the sleeping car after spending a miserable night on a train. Pullman was inspired by the beds on boats he used to drive, and he built beds for trains based on those. The sleeping car provides a much more comfortable sleeping area for passengers riding long distances.

In lesson seventy-three, I studied the invention of toilet paper. Before toilet paper was invented, there were many methods for wiping your tush. The Chinese used paper, the Romans used and (gross) reused sponges on sticks, American colonists used corn cobs, and some cultures used seashells or even their hands!

Invented by Joseph Gayetty, toilet paper is a far cleaner and hygienic method of wiping up than… other ways… and I’m pretty sure I don’t need to go much further into the benefits. Basically, toilet paper is paper made from softened wood fibers that you use to clean up after using the bathroom. Thank you for reading my summary of toilet paper… I honestly had fun writing this!

Last of all, lesson seventy-four was about the washing machine. Before the washing machine, washing clothes was a very labor-intensive process that took all day. The washing machine reduced the time and labor involved dramatically.